Sustainability of Household Food Waste Reduction
Introduction
It is crucial to tackle the sustainability issue because sustainability raises the case of the possibility that future generations could be in the same or greater supply of resources that the present age has. The resources we have could be used more than this generation, but less will be left for the next generation, which isn’t a good idea. 11. The method by which products are manufactured and consumed has a huge impact on the environment’s resources. The way we consume our resources is a major factor. 2.2. The excessive use of natural resources by our current generation is a disgrace that can leave the next generation without. In the field of marketing, businesses and marketers have been operating on the assumption of unlimited resources without thought of the harm they do to the environment and resources environment and resources 33.
It is frequently discovered in the past that such practices have negative consequences for a number of environmental, social, and economic elements. These actions could cause irreparable harm to the lives of future generations as well as the ecological environment 44. Many are concerned that the environment could be ruined irreparably and living standards of future generations could be harmed due to this 55. In addition, traditional scientific theories that are based on a reductionist causality cannot explain and understand the complicated dynamic interrelations among environmental, economic, and social dimensions 67. The losses in food that are economically unavoidable result in a negative impact on the revenue of both parties involved in food supply chains. They have led to financial loss for both individuals and the economies of nations 1414. Food waste has a significant impact on the food security of people from a sociological perspective 1, 151, 15. It was observed that in the world, over 800 million people suffer from hunger or are suffering from persistent undernutrition 1616.
Food security concerns are addressed through cutting down on food waste sustainability as well as balanced nutrition food 1717. Access to and availability of nutritious food is one of the primary requirements for the health of people, societies, and even nations 1818. In addition to food waste, food waste also has negative effects on the natural environment. The apex of scarce resources (e.g., soil, workforce, and water), as well as the overuse of food production of fertilizer and pesticides, can harm the natural ecosystem 1616. Based on Thyberg and Tonjes ([18, 1818], food waste in landfills transforms into greenhouse gases like methane, which has 25 times more potential for global warming when compared to carbon dioxide over a 100-year timescale. Food waste that poses serious dangers for social, economic, and environmental issues requires a deep understanding of consumption patterns and patterns of trash for the creation of organized methods for managing waste 2., 19, 20].
1.1. Role of Households in Food Waste
Food waste is a significant source of a substantial threat to humans as well as the environment. It requires well-organized waste management 2., 19, 20]. The issue of food security can be addressed through cutting down on food waste sustainability and healthy nutrition foods 1717. It was discovered that around 1.3 billion tonnes of foodstuffs (1/3 of that is safe for consumption by humans) are wasted 2121. Research has shown that about 36 million tons account for 30 percent of the food waste in Pakistan ([22]]. 2222. Studies on food waste have shown that households account for an important portion of food waste 23, 2424. End-users are one of the largest consumers in the largest share of the total food waste, 25specifically during the consumption phase 26[ 26. The most responsible percentage of food waste is 2727 to consumers and their eating habits.
Based on other research studies 27., 28, 29], People are aware of the challenges of sustainable food waste. However, their practices can result in excess garbage from food (). The amount of food waste that is thrown away in homes can range between 28.4 percent to 31.9 and 30 percent, 3030, to be higher than other industries. Consumers, regardless of whether they are the primary contributors to food waste 31, 32], 32 have to follow a complex set of management strategies 1414. In addition that exists, the research on the sustainable behavior of food waste within households is a bit disjointed and has contradictory findings. Hence, determining the validity of this conclusion is extremely difficult. It is a challenge to conclude the results of 1616. But, there is some good news: recent studies suggest that households could take on a larger role in the sustainable management of food waste. It is also recommended that household waste management be more sustainable 3333.
1.2. Young Consumers and Food Waste
It is believed that the young generation needs constant monitoring to be aware of their motives for food waste to design education programs to restrict their consumption of food. It is believed that the younger generation should be monitored closely to limit their food waste practices 1616. Wakefield and Axon [ 34discussed the significance of non-sustainable consumption of food among youth. The presence of children in the household is a significant contributor to the amount of household food waste 35, 3635, 36. Young people are more concerned with the financial aspects of food waste than the environmental and health problems associated with food waste 3737. Additionally, young people may not make the most of their consumption of food since they’re not aware of the concept of reusing food leftovers.
